Where does female entrepreneurial human capital come from?: A review of the literature

Beatriz Junquera
Department of Management, Faculty Economics and Business, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain

PP: 391 - 411

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to explain the factors determining the accumulation of entrepreneurial human capital by female entrepreneurs. With this aim, we carried out a wide-ranging review of the literature.

We have identified two alternative explanations about the infra-performance in women-owned entrepreneurs: 'gender effect' and 'female profile'. Each of them influences three sets of factors: contextual factors, business factors and factors which are intrinsic to female entrepreneurs. Gender effect affects: (a) contextual factors (masculinisation of the business world and industrial sector), (b) business factors (access to finance) and (c) factors intrinsic to female entrepreneurs (leadership style, experience, personality, self-perception and social and cultural influences). Feminine profile influences several kinds of factors: (a) contextual factors (masculinisation of the business world) and (b) factors intrinsic to female entrepreneurs (personality, demographic characteristics, family ties, entrepreneurial capabilities, leadership style, formation and experience).

Keywords

entrepreneurial human capital; female entrepreneurs; women-owned enterprises; gender effect; female profile


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